“Ngibheke ukuthenga iseli yokulayisha engu-6 ye-DOF futhi ngahlatshwa umxhwele izinketho zephrofayili ephansi ye-Sunrise.”----uchwepheshe wocwaningo lokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo
Umthombo wesithombe: I-University of Michigan neurobionics lab
Ngokukhula kobuhlakani bokwenziwa, abacwaningi baseNyakatho Melika naseYurophu benze inqubekelaphambili emangalisayo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kokuvuselelwa kwezokwelapha.Phakathi kwazo, izitho zokufakelwa ezihlakaniphile (amarobhothi) ziye zakhanga abantu abaningi.Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile ze-AI prostheses iyunithi yokulawula amandla.I-prosthesis evamile isekela umsebenzisi ngendlela egxilile, ngakho-ke ezinye izitho nezitho zomzimba zomsebenzisi ngokuvamile zidinga ukubambisana ne-prosthesis eqinile ukuze kuqedelwe isenzo.Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ikhono lokunyakaza lilinganiselwe, kodwa futhi ukunyakaza akuhambelani.Kulula ukuwa nokuthuthukisa izinkinga zesibili, okudala ubunzima obuningi nezinselele ezigulini.Ngokuhlukile kuma-prosthetics omdabu, ama-prosthetics e-robotic anganikeza abasebenzisi ukwesekwa kwebhalansi okusebenzayo kunokungenzi lutho kuye ngokushintsha kwezimo zomgwaqo nokunyakaza, okubavumela ukuthi benze ngokukhululeka kakhudlwana futhi bathuthukise izinga labo lokuphila kakhulu.
Umthombo wesithombe: Idizayini nokusetshenziswa komtholampilo komlenze we-bionic ovulekile, u-Alejandro F. Azocar.Ivolumu ye-Nature Biomedical Engineering.
Ngokwezibalo, kukhona okungenani abantu abangu-300,000 abanqunyiwe e-US.E-China, bangu-24.12 million abakhubazekile ngokomzimba, abangu-2.26 million kubo abanqunyiwe, kanti bangama-39.8% kuphela asebefakwe izitho zokufakelwa.Izibalo zeminyaka emibili edlule zibonisa ukuthi eShayina isilinganiso saminyaka yonke sabantu abasha abanqunywa izitho silinganiselwa ku-200 000 ngenxa yezingozi zomgwaqo, izingozi zezimboni, izingozi zasezimayini nezifo.Isibalo sabanqunywa ngenxa yesifo sikashukela sikhula ngokushesha.Izitho zokufakelwa nazo zidinga ukushintshwa njengoba zikhula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezinobuthakathaka bemisipha, i-muscle atrophy, noma i-hemiplegia nazo zidinga izinsiza zezokwelapha ezifana nama-exoskeleton ukuze zizisize zime noma zinyakaze futhi.Ngakho-ke, ama-smart prosthetics asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi anokwethenjelwa kanye nama-exoskeleton ahlakaniphile anesidingo esikhulu semakethe nokubaluleka komphakathi.
Umthombo wesithombe: UT Dallas locomotor control lab lab
Ukuze ubone amandla okulawula ama-prosthetics ahlakaniphile, izinzwa zamandla ezingu-6 ze-DOF ziyadingeka ukuze uzwe izinguquko ezimweni zomgwaqo ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ulawule ngokunembile ubukhulu bamandla.Ubunkimbinkimbi bezimo zomgwaqo, ukuhlukahluka kwezenzo kanye nemingcele yokuhlanganisa kubeka izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu kuzinzwa zamandla ezingu-6 DOF.Akumele nje ihlangabezane nezidingo zohla lwamandla nomzuzu, kodwa futhi ibe nesisindo esincane futhi ibe mncane.Abasebenzisi bathi ngemuva kophenyo, bathole ukuthi, emakethe, kuphela i-SRI M35 ultra-thin series 6 DOF force sensors engahlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zidingo.
Uchungechunge lwe-M35 luhlanganisa amamodeli angu-18, wonke angaphansi kuka-1cm ubukhulu, futhi encane kakhulu ingu-7.5mm kuphela.Izisindo zonke zingaphansi kuka-0.26kg, futhi elula kunazo zonke ngu-0.01kg kuphela.I-Non-linearity ne-hysteresis ingu-1%, i-crosstalk ingaphansi kuka-3% futhi yakhiwe ngokuntshontsha kubuchwepheshe begeji ye-metal foil strain gauge.Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwalezi zinzwa ezizacile, ezilula, nezihlangene kungafinyelelwa ngenxa yesipiliyoni seminyaka engu-30 somklamo we-SRI, osuka ku-dummy yemoto yokuphepha nokunwebeka ukudlula lokho.Lobu buchwepheshe manje sebusetshenziswa ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezitho zokwenziwa ezihlakaniphile ukuze kuphelezelwe ukuphepha kwabantu abaningi.
Umthombo wesithombe: Ilebhu ye-neurobionics yase-University of Michigan, ilebhu yezinhlelo zokulawula izitimela
Ngaphandle kwalokho, intengo yezinzwa ze-SRI inokuncintisana kakhulu nalezo ezivela kwabanye abakhiqizi abakhulu bezinzwa zamandla.Ngamandla alo obuchwepheshe aqinile kanye nenani elithengekayo, uhlobo olusezingeni eliphansi lwe-SRI lusatshalaliswe ngomlomo futhi luthandwa kakhulu amalabhorethri aphezulu ocwaningo lokuvuselelwa kwezokwelapha kanye nemboni ye-robotic prosthetics.Eminyakeni engu-7 edlule, abacwaningi be-bionics kanye ne-biomechanics nonjiniyela abavela e-United States, e-China, eCanada, eJapane, e-Italy, eSpain nakwamanye amazwe basebenzise izinzwa ze-SRI ultra-thin ukuze benze ucwaningo olusha, banyathelisa inani elikhulu lamaphepha ezemfundo futhi bathola okuphawulekayo. inqubekela phambili.
Esihlokweni esilandelayo, sizokwethula ukusetshenziswa kochungechunge lwe-SRI M35 ultra-thin emkhakheni wokuvuselelwa kwezokwelapha.Kubandakanya imiphumela yakamuva yocwaningo lwama-prosthetics ahlakaniphile nama-exoskeletons ahlakaniphile ashicilelwe kumajenali e-Nature nawenkomfa ye-IEEE.Hlala ubukele!
Ireferensi:
1. Inani labantu Besiguli Kanye Nezinye Izilinganiso Ze-Prosthetics And Orthotics e-USA, Maurice A. LeBlanc, MS, CP
2. Ukuklama nokuqaliswa komtholampilo komlenze we-bionic ovulekile, u-Alejandro F. Azocar.Ivolumu ye-Nature Biomedical Engineering.
3. Ukuklama Nokuqinisekiswa Kwe-Torque Dense, I-Ankle-Ankle Orthosis Enamandla Asemuva Kakhulu.Hanqi Zhu, 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)